Lemons

Known for adding flavor, freshness, and acidity to drinks and foods, lemons are the most commonly used citrus fruits. Lemons are also used for garnish and flavoring desserts. They can be juiced, cut into wedges, or grated to make lemon zest.

This versatile fruit is an excellent source of vitamin C. They are naturally low in calories and carbohydrates and available all year long. Lemons are a perfect fruit to keep on hand for salad dressings, seafood recipes, flavoring water, and more.

Lemon Nutrition Facts

The following nutrition information is provided by the USDA for one lemon (without rind) measuring approximately 2 1/8" in diameter (58g).1

Carbs

One whole lemon contains 17 calories and just over 5 grams of carbohydrate. The carbs are primarily fiber (1.6 grams) and sugar (1.5 grams). Note that the juice of a whole lemon provides only 0.14 grams of fiber, according to USDA data, but almost the same amount of sugar.

The glycemic load of a whole lemon is estimated to be 1, making it a low-glycemic food.

Fats

There is a very small amount of fat in lemons, under 1 gram if you consume the whole fruit.

Protein

Lemons are not a good source of protein, providing less than 1 gram per fruit.

Vitamins and Minerals

Lemons are an excellent source of vitamin C, providing over half (30.7mg) of your daily recommended intake. There are also very small amounts of thiamin, vitamin B6, and folate in lemon.

Lemons are not a good source of minerals, but they do contain small amounts of calcium, iron, and potassium.

Health Benefits

The health benefits of lemons are attributed primarily to the high level of vitamin C that the fruit provides.

Prevents Deficiency

Lemons have been used throughout history to manage vitamin C deficiency.

In the late 1700s, the British Navy discovered that scurvy, a disease caused by vitamin C deficiency, could be cured by eating lemons and oranges. Today, scurvy is a rare disease in developed countries, given that it can be prevented with as little as 10mg of vitamin C.3

Improved Heart Health

Studies indicate that a higher intake of vitamin C is associated with a reduced risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), including coronary heart disease and stroke. The National Institutes of Health states that the benefit is likely due to the antioxidant content of lemon which helps to prevent oxidative damage that can lead to cardiovascular disease.

But authors of one large review were careful to put their findings into perspective. They concluded that while research suggests that vitamin C deficiency is associated with a higher risk of death from cardiovascular disease and that vitamin C may slightly improve endothelial function and lipid profiles in some groups, studies do not provide enough support for the widespread use of vitamin C supplementation to reduce cardiovascular risk or mortality.

Slower Age-Related Decline

Vitamin C is a powerful antioxidant. Antioxidants help to prevent cell damage caused by oxidative stress. There is ongoing research about the possible impact that antioxidants can have on the aging process. There is some evidence that they may help improve skin health or even help prevent certain types of diseases associated with aging. So far, however, study results have been mixed.

Improved Eye Health

Additionally, researchers are investigating whether a higher intake of vitamin C can help treat or prevent age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and cataracts—common causes of vision decline in older adults. So far, study results have been inconsistent but research is ongoing.

Better Immune Function

Vitamin C has been shown to play an important role in immune function. And while some people take vitamin C supplements or use lemons to prevent or manage the treatment of the common cold, studies regarding its effectiveness have yielded mixed results.

A few large studies have shown that taking a vitamin C supplement of about 250 mg per day may help certain specific populations reduce the duration of the common colds, but other studies have shown no benefit in the general population.3Also, it is important to note that studies investigating the relationship between the common cold and vitamin C examine supplements, not lemons.

Cancer Prevention

Antioxidants, such as those in lemon, are being investigated for their potential impact on cancer.

According to the National Cancer Institute, increased levels of antioxidants may be able to prevent the types of free radical damage that have been associated with cancer development. Free radicals are chemicals that can cause cellular damage in the body. Exposure to certain environmental toxins (like cigarette smoke) may increase the free radicals in your body and even cause the body to make more free radicals.

But researchers still don't know if antioxidants have the power to combat or prevent cancer. More research needs to be done investigating the impact of antioxidants from food versus antioxidant supplements. For now, there is not enough evidence to know for sure if there is any benefit.